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The reparations had to be paid in gold marks, which maintained its value, whilst the German currency declined. Meanwhile, in the midst of this economic crisis, Germany continued to attempt to pay the reparations as dictated by the Treaty of Versailles. This in fact made the inflationary situation worse and again reduced the value of the Reichsmark. To try and meet the requirements of government spending and alleviate the post-war situation, the government had little choice but to print more money. In 1919, one British pound was equal to 250 marks. In 1914, one British pound was equal to twenty German marks. Throughout the war, the value of the German currency, the Reichsmark, fell considerably. In order to keep control and peace in the early 1920s, Friedrich Ebert relied heavily on the traditionally right-wing army and These tough economic and political circumstances made people susceptible to extreme political views. , put a huge amount of economic pressure on the government. In addition to this difficulty, the unpopular reparations payments, which Germany were forced to pay through the In the early 1920s there were many changes of government, which made managing Germany’s political and economic problems very difficult. These disagreements made it difficult for the Reichstag to govern. In these coalitions, each party had different aims which often led to disagreements on policy. This meant that no one party had overall an overall majority, and parties joined together to rule in coalitions. Whilst the new system intended to reduce political conflicts, it in fact resulted in many different parties gaining a small amount of seats in the Reichstag. Proportional Representation system of voting in the Weimar Republic caused political instability. To maintain stability in government, many of the old civil servants and military leaders stayed in similar positions of power, and therefore still had enormous influence. The Länder could send representatives from their local government to the Reichsrat.ĭespite these changes, there were also many aspects of the government that continued as before. It was split into eighteen different states called Länder, each of which had their own local government. Typically, the chancellor would be the leader of the largest party, although this was not always the case. The chancellor held similar position to the British Prime Minister, and was appointed by the President. The chancellor was the leader of the Reichstag. There were two parliamentary houses in the Republic, the Of the new constitution gave the president ultimate authority to rule by decree. Instead of a monarch, there was a president elected every seven years. Under the new republic, all adults over the age of twenty could vote. This venue gave the new nation the name the ‘Weimar Republic’. This coalition then had the task of drawing up a constitution for the new republic.Īs Berlin was still in the grips of revolution, the market town of Weimar was chosen as the meeting place. With the Catholic Centre Party and the Democratic Party to make up a majority. Therefore, the Social Democratic Party joined a Whilst the Social Democratic Party had won the most votes, they did not win a majority (over 50%). The rest of the seats were divided up between the smaller parties. The Social Democratic Party won 38% of the vote and 163 seats, the Catholic Centre Party won 20% of the vote and 91 seats and the Democratic Party won 19% of the vote and 75 seats. The first elections for the new Republic were held on the 19 January 1919.
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Government established in Germany following the collapse of the The Weimar Republic was the new system of